基于条件随机场的学术期刊中理论的自动识别方法

[目的/意义]从学术期刊中抽取其中的理论是对文献进行内容分析的前提,实现理论名称识别的自动化可以提高内容分析的效率。[方法/过程]将理论识别视为一类命名实体识别问题,总结现有的命名实体识别的常用方法,提出一个基于语义泛化思想的命名实体识别方法,选取词性、知网义原等外部知识,采用CRF模型对《情报学报》1822篇论文的标题和摘要进行实验。[结果/结论]实验表明,识别准确率最高达到95.38%,但召回率较低;训练语料规模对性能影响较大,不同程度的语义泛化方法对准确率和召回率有复杂影响。如何选择语义特征、语义标注和语义消歧是需要解决的新问题。     

基于关联开放数据的数字文化资源语义融合方法研究——欧洲数字图书馆案例分析

[目的/意义] 通过对国内外数字文化资源语义融合相关研究成果的总结和Europeana案例分析,为国内数字文化资源整合的研究与实践提供参考和借鉴。[方法/过程] 选取目前发展较为成熟的数字文化资源整合项目Europeana作为案例,分别从资源内容描述规则、语义知识本体模型设计、元数据语义化操作和关联数据的发布与访问4个方面对其数字文化资源语义融合的实现方法进行分析。[结果/结论] 研究发现,构建聚合式元数据模型、建立细粒度语义概念模型、创建开放的语义关联数据网络、提供泛在化关联数据应用服务是实现数字文化资源语义融合的关键。     

基于Web服务的语义网格与异构资源的推送研究

阐述构建教学参考信息服务系统的思路：利用Web服务为基础实现技术,初步完成教参系统语义网格,实现各种架构数据库的透明访问及与各院系资料室功能上的对接;在此基础上,利用语义网格实现异构资源的推送集成,并分析服务质量评价体系的内容和相关参数。     

The Co-Effects of Query Structure and Expansion on Retrieval Performance in Probabilistic Text Retrieval

The effects of query structures and query expansion (QE) on retrieval performance were tested with a best match retrieval system (InQuery¹). Query structure means the use of operators to express the relations between search keys. Six different structures were tested, representing strong structures (e.g., queries with facets or concepts identified) and weak structures (no concepts identified, a query is a bag of search keys). QE was based on concepts, which were first selected from a searching thesaurus, and then expanded by semantic relationships given in the thesaurus. The expansion levels were (a) no expansion, (b) a synonym expansion, (c) a narrower concept expansion, (d) an associative concept expansion, and (e) a cumulative expansion of all other expansions. With weak structures and Boolean structured queries, QE was not very effective. The best performance was achieved with a combination of a facet structure, where search keys within a facet were treated as instances of one search key (the SYN operator), and the largest expansion.     

基于语义Web的信息门户建设

语义Web为我们提供了一个通用的框架,是现有Web的扩展.语义Web以资源描述框架(RDF)为基础,RDF以XML作为语法、URI作为命名机制,将各种不同的资源集成在一起.本文探讨了基于语义Web的图书馆门户建设,并阐明此类门户的信息结构更加合理和灵活,具有更好的扩展性、可持续性和个性化的特点.     

面向自然语言的数字图书馆智能信息检索研究

本文提出了一种面向自然语言的智能检索系统框架。该框架的核心是语义推理和个性化处理。该文采用OWL描述的Ontology作为语义推理的基础，以检索请求统计库和用户模式库来实现用户的个性化检索，检索结果以知识的形式返回给用户，能极大地满足用户的信息需求。     

网络舆情观点提取的LDA主题模型方法

[目的/意义]无处不在的网络舆情信息深深影响甚至误导网络受众,探讨揭示网络舆情观点的方法,旨在拓展用户的认知深度和广度,提高大众对舆论的辨识能力。[方法/过程]从技术上对比分析观点提取方法间的差异,从认知上阐释网络舆论平台的群体智慧和受众个体的认知过程,进而明确LDA主题模型提取舆情观点的优势及路径。[结果/结论]结合舆论主题和情感因素,基于LDA的网络舆情观点提取,可从海量评论中判定深度评论,摘取主要观点,借助群众智慧,有效拓展个体思想和认知,为从大规模舆情中有序呈现受众观点提供新路径,也为舆情监测与疏导提供切实的依据。     

科技期刊编辑定量思维形态探讨

简述定量分析和定量思维概念,指出科技期刊编辑先天缺失定量思维,而现实又对其提出了要求.概述科技期刊编辑定量思维的4种基本形态——数字思维形态、数学思维形态、数据思维形态、图表思维形态,探讨定量思维与定性思维的关系,认为只有把定量思维与定性思维有机结合起来,才能取得编辑思维的高效率.     

本体构建最新研究进展综述

论述国内外关于本体的概念、分类、描述语言、构建原则、构建工具和构建方法的研究以及本体构建在语     

Information Provision by Public Library to Agricultural Extension Agents in a Developing Country

One of the bedrock of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is eradication of poverty and hunger. In an attempt to actualize this goal, the role of public libraries in information provision to agricultural extension agents in Nigeria becomes paramount. This paper discusses provision of information to agricultural extension agents in a developing country. It starts with the concept of extension agents and the essence of information provision to them. It further discusses types, sources and challenges of public libraries in information provision to agricultural extension workers in a developing country. Some of the challenges are as follows: poor funding of public libraries, demotivated staff, and so on. Based on these discussions, the paper recommended adequate training and retraining of staff, adequate funding of public libraries by the federal, state and local government, the revitalization of the abandoned mobile library services among others. The paper therefore concludes that information provision to agricultural extension agents by public library is very crucial for national development. The current state of poverty, hunger and lack in Nigeria and some other African countries could be reduced to a great extent if current, relevant and up-to-date information are provided by libraries to the concerned agencies.